Ao Proximal Humerus Fracture Classification

They explain the specific problems of reduction and fixation.

Ao proximal humerus fracture classification. 25 This will increase the demands on health providers further, and some suggest that society faces an epidemic of fractures in the elderly. Unlike the other widely used system, the thoracolumbar injury classification and severity score (TLICS) 1, the AO. Simple proximal humeral fractures involving one tuberosity or the metaphysis (unifocal or Neer 2-part fractures) and proximal femoral fractures involving the trochanteric area are type A;.

Stable fixation, especially in severe joint fractures, should therefore be achieved. Frykman Classification of Distal Radial Fractures;. It is divided into 3 categories based on the severity of injury and likelihood of avascular necrosis of the humeral.

AO Trauma Course - Principles in Operative Fracture Management Lecturer:. Join from wherever you are in the world. Reclassification of the same fractures was undertaken after a 6-month interval, and interobserver and intraobserver correlation, by use of the κ.

A proximal humerus fracture is a break in the upper part of your humerus near your shoulder. Your voice Feedback and feature suggestions. A humerus fracture is a break of the humerus bone in the upper arm.

AO classification of proximal humeral fractures type A:. Fractures of the proximal humerus were examined with anteroposterior, lateral, and axillary radiographs. The classification system, broken into three categories focuses on the displacement and pattern of the fracture and the integrity of the coracoclavicular ligaments.

Books on AO/OTA Classification of Distal Humeral Fractures. They are classified according to their location as proximal, humeral shaft, or distal fractures. Proximal humeral fractures - newer methods and results.

Mason-Johnston Classification of Radial Head Fractures;. Humerus 11 Proximal end segment 2R1 Proximal end segment. 11-E/8.1 Intraarticular flake fracture 2 Radius/Ulna 3 Femur “Research into the healing patterns of pediatric fractures assumes a common language that must be the prerequisite for comprehensive documentation as the basis for treatment and research”.

The fracture is usually evident as a lucency and cortical breach with variable degrees of angulation, impaction and displacement. Proximal Third Humeral Shaft Fractures -- A Fracture Entity Not Fully Characterized by Conventional AO Classification There is clear evidence of specific characteristics which differentiate proximal third humeral shaft fractures from those of midshaft and distal third. Any fracture pattern with less than 1 cm displacement.

However, other factors, such as osteoporotic bone, associated soft tissue injury and the patient's overall health and motivation, will also influence treatment choices and outcome. All groups are divided into three subgroups based on the degree of displacement, impaction, or dislocation, resulting in a total of 27 subgroups. The partial articular type does not exist in the humerus or femur.

Classifications of Coronoid Process Fractures;. "AO" is an initialism for the German "Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Osteosynthesefragen", the predecessor of the AO Foundation. To address these needs, the validated AO Pediatric Comprehensive Classification of Long Bone Fractures (PCCF)1 was introduced to the AO/OTA Compendium of Fractures and Dislocations in 07.

The AO group has developed a comprehensive classification of. The AO classification of clavicular fractures along with the Neer classification system is one of the more frequently used classification systems when assessing distal clavicular fractures. Three independent reviewers classified the fractures using the AO, Neer, and HGLS systems.

Symptoms may include pain, swelling, and bruising. The cause is generally a fall onto the arm or direct trauma to the arm. The rates of AVN of the humeral head were determined clinically and radiographically.

The cause of a humerus fracture is usually physical trauma such as a fall. Join from wherever you are in the world. A mid-shaft humerus fracture is a break in the middle of your humerus.

Regardless of the imaging performed, the number of displaced fragments should be assessed, to enable appropriate classification of the fracture (Neer classification or AO classification are most commonly used). 1 - Humerus 2 - Radius/Ulna 3 - Femur 4 - Tibia/Fibula-1,2,3 = Proximal, diaphysis, distal. The AO spine classification of thoracolumbar injuries is one of the more commonly used thoracolumbar spinal fracture classification systems and aims to simplify and universalise the process of classifying spinal injuries and improve interobserver and intraobserver reliability 3.

Notice the predictable displacement caused by deforming muscle insertions. The AO coding of a proximal humerus fracture is “ 1 1,” and is further divided into three categories based on the severity of injury:. We help you diagnose your Proximal humerus case and provide detailed descriptions of how to manage this and hundreds of other pathologies.

There may be a decreased ability to move the arm and the person may present holding their elbow. The four parts are the humeral head, the greater tuberosity, the lesser tuberosity and the humeral shaft. Extra-articular unifocal fracture :.

The incidence of proximal humeral fractures is reported to be 6% per 10,000 fractures, with approximately 15% of these being complex 3-part and 4-part fractures. In the latest version of the AO/OTA classification 14 it is stated that type B type fractures represent three-part fractures, or fracture-dislocations by the Neer classification. Patients may present with localized pain, swelling, and deformities.

Indications according to the different fracture types using the AO-Classification and the fixation techniques, are described for proximal, shaft and distal humeral fractures. Fracture displacement is codified into types, at the distal humerus and the proximal radius. A number of classification systems of the proximal humerus are described in the literature, with the Neer and Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Osteosynthesefragenbeing (AO) the most widely used 5,6.

AO Davos Courses. Humerus fractures can result from direct or indirect trauma. There was no correlation between AO/OTA fracture classification or fracture location and union status.

The Neer system divides the proximal humerus into four parts and considers not the fracture line, but the displacement as being significant in terms of classification. A simpler modified Neer system using only six fracture types is described by Bernstein but is not in common use 7. Overall, the OTA/AO classification system for proximal humeral fractures has nine groups (11-A1/2/3, 11-B1/2/3, 11-C1/2/3).

Complications may include axillary nerve or axillary artery injury. Complications may include injury to an artery or nerve, and compartment syndrome. Overall, the OTA/AO classification system for proximal humeral fractures has nine groups (11-A1/2/3, 11-B1/2/3, 11-C1/2/3).

Displacement is on a per-part basis. Commentary Blogs on AO/OTA Classification of Distal Humeral Fractures. Symptoms include pain, swelling, and a decreased ability to move the shoulder.

AO Classification of Proximal Humeral Fractures. AO Trauma Masters Course - Current Concpets Lecturer:. Jupiter Classification of Bado II Montaggia Fractures.

This retrospective study included 30 patients with a mean age of 63 ± 14 years with dislocation fractures of the proximal humerus type or C3 according the AO/OTA classification. Proximal Humerus Fracture Classifications A1:. The humeral head, the greater.

Surgical neck, anatomic neck, lesser tuberosity or greater tuberosity. There was a tendency toward higher risk of nonunion in proximal third humeral shaft fractures. Diaphysis/Epiphysis A - Simple extra-articicular (1-spiral, 2-oblique, 3-transverse) B - Segmental partial-articular C - Comminuted articular.

Several classifications for proximal humeral fractures exist, with excellent reliability and reproducibility of such classifications being a desirable feature. Proximal humerus fractures are common fractures often seen in older patients with osteoporotic bone following a simple ground-level fall on an outstretched arm. Proximal humeral fractures account for 4–5 % of all fractures, with the higher incidence in women.

27 The incidence is increasing, along with an increasing tendency to more severe fractures.8, 12, 18 The management of these often debilitating injuries is based on various fracture classification systems.16, 18. Proximal Humeral Fractures - Nonoperative Care And When It Is Appropriate. Despite their widespread use, these systems are variable in both reliability and accuracy.

Surgical neck, anatomic neck, lesser tuberosity or greater tuberosity. News AO/OTA Classification of Distal Humeral Fractures in the news. Drawing of the pathoanatomy of proximal humeral fractures.

Theddy Slongo, 07 AO Pediatric Comprehensive Classification of Long-Bone Fractures (PCCF). The classification proposed by Neer16 remains the standard for the evaluation and discussion of these injuries. AO Surgery Reference is a resource for the management of fractures, based on current clinical principles, practices and available evidence.

AO/OTA Fracture and Dislocation Classification Long-bone Fractures 41B Partial articular 41B1 Split 41B2 Depression. Diagnosis is generally based on X-rays or CT. Fracture and Dislocation Classification Compendium (Meinberg E, Agel J, Roberts C, et al.

Bado Classification of Monteggia fractures;. The most frequently used classification systems for proximal humeral fractures are the Neer classification (Figure .3) and the AO classification (Figure .4). The AO/ASIF system and the Neer’s four-segment classification are used to record the fracture anatomy.

Fracture and Dislocation. 50 These fractures can cause prolonged and severe disability and often are underestimated when compared with hip fractures. The AO classification system for proximal humeral fractures is not commonly used.

Risk factors include osteoporosis and diabetes. Gr tuberosity avulsion :. Hip periprosthetic fracture module is now online.

The Müller AO Classification of fractures is a system for classifying bone fractures initially published in 1987 by the AO Foundation as a method of categorizing injuries according to therognosis of the patient's anatomical and functional outcome. Be alerted to news on AO/OTA Classification of Distal Humeral Fractures. The aim of this study was to test the null hypothesis that interobserver reliability of the AO classification of proximal humeral fractures, the preferred treatment, and fracture characteristics is the same for two-dimensional (2-D) and three-dimensional (3-D) computed tomography (CT).

AO Davos Courses. Hip periprosthetic fracture module is now online. The AO classification proved to be more comprehensive because in the Neer classification, half of the fractures are minimally displaced and almost nine-tenths fall into only three categories.

Based on AO classification, the proximal end of the humerus is delineated by a square with its lateral side equal to the maximum width of the epiphysis. Any classification for pediatric fractures must be applicable for all fractures and recognize the importance of growth through the epiphyseal plate. Proximal humerus fractures commonly occur in the elderly, while distal supracondylar fractures are the most common type of fracture in the pediatric population.

Sling immobilization is the treatment for the majority of these fractures. Proximal humeral fractures are common osteoporotic fractures .The Neer and the Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Osteosynthesefragen (AO) classification are frequently used for classification 2, 3.Epidemiological studies have reported an overall increase in the incidence of proximal humeral fractures from 1970 to 07 4–6.However, little is known about the association between. Extra-articular unifocal (either tuberosity +/- surgical neck of the humerus ) A1:.

Extra-articular unifocal fracture with impacted metaphyseal fracture A3:. Our services and resources;. News trends on AO/OTA Classification of Distal Humeral Fractures.

In the AO classification, the B1.1, .2, A3.2 and A1.2 sub-groups comprise over half of all proximal humeral fractures, while the AO type C fractures occur in only 6%. Proximal humerus fracture rates will continue to increase with the aging population 5-7,58 and the concomitant rise in osteoporosis. All groups are divided into three subgroups based on the degree of displacement, impaction, or dislocation, resulting in a total of 27 subgroups.

However, we found that type B patterns could also appear as Neer 1- and 2-part fractures. They are based on assessment of two or three perpendicular preoperative radiographs. Distal humeral fracture displacements are coded as types I-IV, as illustrated:.

We help you diagnose your Humeral shaft case and provide detailed descriptions of how to manage this and hundreds of other pathologies. It considers the presence of displacement or angulation of each of the four major segments of the proximal humerus:. A proximal humerus fracture is a break of the upper part of the bone of the arm ().

We aimed to, a) assess and compare the reliability of the Neer (complete and abbreviated versions) and Arbeitsgemeinschaft für. Fragments must be displaced by 1 cm. AO/OTA Classification of Distal Humeral Fractures;.

Ideally, a fracture classification system should act as a guide to treatment, like the Neer classification or the AO system for proximal or diaphyseal humeral fractures.